An Epidemiological Study on the Effect of Water on Health in Tubas District PDF |
| Baker Ibrahem Abdel-Hamed Abu-Hejleh |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr. Yahia Faydi and - د.عصام احمد الخطيب |
| Discussion Commity |
| 90 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between water quality and health among the inhabitance of Tubas district. In order to achieve our aims, the following strategies were used: examination of available patients records from local governmental clinics; a random sample of school children (seventh grade students) and a specially designed questionnaire distributed to households. Collected data were then analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). With respect to water related diseases, diarrhea was the most common disease, especially among students, followed by eye and skin diseases. There was a significant relationship between hygienic conditions and the place of residence and this was clear among the inhabitance of the village of Tammon. The percentage of water related diseases in Tammon area was the highest among the different areas as it reached 43.39%, then Tubas, and then Aqqaba. Although, a high level of wariness was reported regarding the knowledge of importance of water and health (79.7%), practices does not reflect that as most of the study population do not practice the cleaning of their water storage resources (63.7%), and only (15.8%) seems to boil water as a method for disinfection. Other practices such as lack of proper use of chlorine, raising of animal at homes and ways of collected rain water, all seems to indicate a high risk for water pollution. Reviewing patients files also seems to indicate that the area in general is suffusing from several health related problems. A significant relationship between water- related diseases and the following variables: Place of residence, quantity of available water for use, methods of water collection, public awareness, existence of toilets, the distance between toilets and water source, raising of animals at home, distance between water storage sources and sepses was observed. In conclusion, the area is suffering from several water related diseases and lack of proper water supply. |
Thursday, February 4, 2010
An Epidemiological Study on the Effect of Water on Health in Tubas District
Miscarriage among Women in Nablus
Miscarriage among Women in Nablus PDF |
| Mohanad Mahmoud Zakarneh |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr. Nael S. Abu-Hasan - |
| Discussion Commity |
| Dr. Nael S. Abu-Hasan (Supervisor)Dr. Abdel Latif Daraghmeh (External Examiner)Dr. Kamel Adwan (Internal Examiner |
| صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract
The current study was aimed at evaluating status of miscarriage among women in Nablus governorate. The study investigated the miscarriage categories, causes and possible associated risk factors. The study population included all pregnant women, suffering from vaginal bleeding, admitted to Rafedia Hospital for the years 1999, 2003 (hospital records) and all cases admitted all hospital concerned in obstetric and gynecology in the city of Nablus during the period January-April 2004. Total number of admitted cases for the year 1999 and 2003 was 412 and 672, respectively. While, total number of women admitted during the first 3 month of the year were 202. The findings of the current study clearly showed a dramatic increase in abortion rate in association with increased maternal age. It was also found that incomplete (43.6%) and missed (23.8%) miscarriage categories were the most prominent categories among current study population (2004). Similar findings in this regard were observed among admitted cases for the years 1999 and 2003. Differences in miscarriage rates according place of residence were statistically significant (P = 0.001). It was also found that 70.3% of the current study population suffered from previous abortions. Although consanguineous marriages were represented by 46%, none seems to suffer from recurrent abortions, thus excluding a significant role of either genetic or immunological factors. History of chronic disease including diabetes, hypertension and endocrine disorders was found among 45% of current study population. Complications from previous abortions included bleeding; infections and surgery were represented by 20%, 16.8% and 5.8%, respectively. Although 91.6% of the study population reported that they have had medical follow up during pregnancy, the findings strongly indicates low level of pregnancy awareness as 49% reported to have unplanned pregnancies, 40% did not take folic acid and 76.2% report the use of medications. With respect to possible risk factors, 28.7%, 91.1%, 66.3%, 83.7% and 74.3% reported active smoking, passive smoking, recurrent genitourinary tract infectio |
Developing a Computer Program for Analysis and Design of Reinforced Concrete Sections; AD RCS
Developing a Computer Program for Analysis and Design of Reinforced Concrete Sections; AD RCS PDF |
| Ibrahim Muhammad Ahmad Mahmood |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr. Abdul Razaq Touqan - |
| Discussion Commity |
| 298 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract A need for a computer program to analyze and design reinforced concrete sections for both academic education and engineering offices’ services is beyond doubt. Also, a need for having programs in Arabic language to help in communication of engineers graduated from all over the world is becoming increasingly important. This thesis presents a computer program that tries to fulfill previous needs based on ACI code and presented in both Arabic and English languages, and uses local and international units. The computer program; Analysis and Design of Reinforced Concrete Sections; AD RCS; is constructed using Visual Basic 6 programming language. The input and output data are performed using dialog boxes in windows environment. The program has the ability of analyzing reinforced concrete sections of beams, columns and single footings and also design them for flexure, shear, axial and torsion. It also introduces capacity interaction diagrams and section reinforcement details. |
Wednesday, February 3, 2010
National and Political Dimensions in the Thought and Practice of the Students Movement in An-Najah National University and its Effect on the Political
National and Political Dimensions in the Thought and Practice of the Students Movement in An-Najah National University and its Effect on the Political Development |
| Basel Mohamad Issa Abu Baker |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Prof. Abed EL-Sattar Kasseem - |
| Discussion Commity |
| 145 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract This study deals with the students' movement in An-Najah National University. The students’ movement has been chosen because it is considered one of the most important sections of society in regard to effect and size. It also has an important role in deciding the general features of the political system; it also forms the first motives for political change. This study has focused on University students because they are the most aware and impressive in this section. But the choice of An-Najah National University is due to two reasons: First,the great role of this university especially it is the largest in the West Bank as it was stated in “Statistics Guide for the Palestinian Universities and Institutes 1997/98 “which was Published by the Ministry of Higher Studies in Sep 1998, except for AL-Quds Open University which applies Tele-education system. Second, it is situated in Nablus, the largest of the Palestinian Northern cities and the nearest to the center. Third, for decreasing effort while Israeli policy of closure and isolation of Palestinian areas is continuous. This study tries to state the political and national dimensions in the thought and practice of the students, movement, taking into consideration that the national dimensions serve the public national welfare and that the political dimensions form preventive measures against falling in small restrictive parties and individual affairs. This study aims to follow up the harmony and agreement between theories and practices which is embodied in the daily speeches of the students, movement at An-Najah National University. This study has been distributed on four cores which are: Concepts and previous studies, thought and practice in Palestine and the Arab countries, the Palestinian student’s movement, the political and national dimensions in theory and practice of the students' parties in An-Najah National University. The study has come out with some results. The most important are the following: The declination of the role of the students, movement at An-Najah National University in the sphere of the national struggle, democratic construction and syndicalistic work after Oslo agreement while keeping the periodic election of a students, council. The efforts of the students didn’t unite to form one resort representative for the Palestinian students, movement because the Palestinian General Union of Palestinian Students failed to be a true representation for the students, movement in the Palestinian Universities. On the other hand, the students, movements at An-Najah National University wasn’t committed to its elective choice, which weakened the representative role of the students, council as it didn’t represent the different parties of the students, movement. The students, movement accepted the orders and pressure of Palestinian Political groups and their power centers, thus it became dependent though it is supposed to be independent. The student leaders adopted individual spontainious approach in leading the students, movement without involving the students in planning programs and Polices besides the absence of women in the leadership of this movement. Concerning the relation with the social and political environment, the Palestinian authority played an important role in weakening the students, movement by including those who support Oslo agreement and arresting the active opponents. While the relation with the university administration and deanship of student affairs was full of anxiety and disagreement, the relation with the teaching staff was not comprehensive or academic. It was affected by the political situations. Moreover, the relation with the local community declined after the halt of the voluntary work. The narrow political dimensions and private welfare formed the criterion of the students, confederation instead of the national dimensions and the public welfare. The students' movement failed in devoting free of opinion and multiplicity. Instead, mutual threat and suspicion of patriotism prevailed. In addition, the students, parties exchanged accusation of telling lies and financial corruption and practiced violence against each other. All these things have negative effects on the political development in Palestine. |
The Phenomenon of Political Violence in the Palestinian Political System
The Phenomenon of Political Violence in the Palestinian Political System PDF |
| Saleh Ahmad Abdel Khaleq Taha |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr. Basem Ezbidi - |
| Discussion Commity |
| صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract This study aims to answer the question concerning the effect of the absence of political integration on political violence in the palestinian political system. To answer this question the study based on the hypothesis which indicates-there is a correlation between the absence of political integration and political violence in Palestine. The approach I used is the analytical descriptive method as this provides tools and procedures to disclose the phenomenon and to pinpoint its clues. Besides, there is a possibility of analysis and detecting reasons that lead to the rise of the phenomenon. In addition, this approach allows us to recommend and put forward suggestion to control the phenomenon and predict its future. The study is divided into four chapters together with an introduction and a summery. The first part deals with the framework of the concept. This enabled me to discuss and analyse the basic concept of the study and disclose the nature of relation among its parts. The concept of political integration and its causes were dealt with in the first part. I also discussed the way it affects and leads to the rise of political violence which is another substantial concept in the study. The second chapter deals with the possibility of detecting and analyzing signs of political violence in Palestine. It was concluded that the phenomenon is a reality in Palestine. There have been many types of violence: official and public. The most frequent political sings are detention, demonstration and riots. |
Impact of Commercial Banks’ Credit Policy on Private Investment in Palestine
Impact of Commercial Banks’ Credit Policy on Private Investment in Palestine PDF |
| Jaser Mohammed Sai’d Al-Khalil |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Prof. Basim Makhool - |
| Discussion Commity |
| 214 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract This thesis aimed at studying the credit policy of the operating commercial banks in Palestinian Territories. Moreover, this study aimed at finding its links and correlation with private investment as well as its impact on investment development and trends. Furthermore, this study aimed at finding out answers for following study’s key issues, in order to improve the hypothesis that the Commercial Banks’ Credit Policy has impact on Private Investment in Palestine: ü What the concepts, determinants and aspects of the credit policy and its role to manage the risks and its impact on banking performance? ü What are the important determinants of the credit’s supply and demand, whether in general level or on Palestine? ü What is the role of the credit policy of the operating commercial banks in Palestine in supporting and directing the private investments? ü What are the determinants and the relationships between credit policy and the private investment? And how to measure it? ü What are the mathematical and econometric models that are used for studying and analyzing these relationships? What is the possibility of implementing it on Palestinian reality? ü To what extend the credit policy is participating in determining the level, concentrations and structure of the private investment? ü What are the needed approaches to support the positive aspects and to develop the corrective actions? To achieve the purpose of this study, the researcher used off-site research and analysis mode, which is based on periodic reports issued by Palestine Monetary Authority (PMA), official Statistics of Palestine Central Bureau of Statistics (PCPS), Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute (MAS), UNDP’s publications and Arab Monetary Fund’s reports as well as circulars, regulations and instructions that were issued by PMA or other related parties, which impact the credit facilities’ demand and supply. In addition, to the descriptive analytical approach, the researcher applied other quantitive analytical approaches, such as: means compare model, elasticity analytical model, sample regression model, multi-regression model and Granger-causality model. The SPSS and Shazam software analytical programs were used to apply these models. This study concludes to the necessity of focusing on orienting the efforts to promote and induce the demand on investments. This goal needs real support for investment and infrastructure. It also needs increasing the credit facilities and active credit policy, in a way that allows optimal use and allocation the fund resources to support private investment, as a result of the feedback relationship between these variables. The credit policy role for inducing investment is subject to various factors that command investment environment in Palestine and leads to limiting its developmental role in that respect. However, the credit policy has some negative effect on investment, as this study showed. This has negative impact on the credit policy vital direction and its funding role to motivate investment process. Whereas, banking sector is over liquid, it became as a channel to bleed the national savings. Related parties that are concerns with this issue did not worked enough to find out approaches to lead its activities toward medium and long term funding policy as well as banking sector did not play its economic- social role, as needed, as the economic development, and supporting the local investments are not included on its credit policy priorities, as well. |
The Role of Fisical Policy in Increasing Labor Absorptive Capacity for the Palestinian Economy
The Role of Fisical Policy in Increasing Labor Absorptive Capacity for the Palestinian Economy PDF |
| Shadi Mohammed Ibraheem Othman |
| Supervisor(s) |
| Dr. Atef Alawneh - |
| Discussion Commity |
| 169 صفحة |
| Abstract : |
Abstract This study aimed at acquainting with the role of the financial policy adopted be the Palestinian authority in increasing the comprehendible capability for the Palestinian economy. The study started in limiting the comprehendible capability of the Palestinian economy on the whole level during the period (1968-2001) so that it was divided into three periods like the following: (1968-1987), (1978-1996), (1996-2001). The study referred to the decrease of the comprehendible capability volume, where it reached during the three mentioned periods respectively to 20.7%, 75.7%, 58.7%, of the acting labor forces volume in the same period. The study returned the cause of comprehend dibble cop ability decrease volume to the rise of growth average of the work in a uniform manner faster than its demand growth and that led to the rise of gap volume between the capability and the acting forces volume, where as volume of that gap during the three periods respectively reached to 24%, 34.4%, 33%, of the acting forces volume. Then the role of tax policy was analyzed in increasing the comprehendible capabilities to the Palestinian economy through studying aims and directions of the tax policy and a group of policies and measures which the policies and measures which the Palestinian followed to influence the Palestinian tax system, and the extent of its applicability to achieve the aim of comprehendible capability increase to the Palestinian economy. The study showed that the tax policy adopted by the Palestinian Authority was applicable for encouraging the private sector to invest in Palestine. But the study showed the influencing the comprehendible capability volume to the Palestinian economy and whole investment volume because of the reiterate and security laxity of the political and security atmosphere which limited the hopeful role the tax policy may play in encourages and motivating the in and out investments that negatively affected its capability on widening the local production base of the Palestinian economy. After that the role of public expenses in increasing the comprehendible Palestinian economy was analyzed through studying the aims and directions of public expenses of the Palestinian authority. And the study also showed that the policy of public expenses the Palestinian authority followed was suitable for increasing the comprehendible capability. Whereas expenditure of the infrastructure removed various obstacles before the investment, and the volume of capital formation reached to 37.7% of the whole local income. This was because of the increase of public investment importance as the public investment rate rose to the public expenditure volume from 16% in 1996 to 20% in 2001, in comprehending great volume employment in the Palestinian economy during 1996-2001. And in spite of this the Palestinian authority remained limited in the field of public expenditure because of the limits imposed by the temporary stage agreements from one side and measured of occupation of the other.
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